G. Apostrophes ( ‘ )
The Apostrophes is used:
(1) to show ownership or relationship,
(2) to show where letters have been omitted in a contraction, and
(3) to form the plurals or number s and letters.
1. The possessive case
The possessive case of a word shows ownership or relationship
a. To form the possessive case of a singular noun, add an apostrophe and an s.
Example:
· John’s desk.
· A boy’s cap.
· The baby’s toy.
· Student’s book.
Example:
· Mice’s tracks.
· Children’s choir.
c. To form the possessive case of a plural noun ending in s, add only the apostrophe.
Example:
· Cats’ basket
· The Carsons’ bungalow
2. Contraction
A contraction is a word made by combining two words and omitting some letters. An apostrophes take the place of the letters that are left out.
Example:
· There is : there’s
· We are : we’re
· They have : they’ve
· Is not : isn’t
When n’t is added to shall, will, or can, the spelling of the verb changes.
Example:
· Shall not : shan’t
· Will not : won’t
· Can not : can’t
H. Hyphens ( - )
The hypens is used :
(1) to indicated that a word has been broken at the end of a line, and
(2) to show that two or more words are being used together as one.
If there is not room for a whole word at the end of the line, you may divide it with a hyphens.
Dividing words at the end of a line, however, should be avoided as much as possible.
1. Use a hyphen to divide a word at the end of a line
Example:
In my opinion, this salad needs cu-cumber.
2. Use a hyphen with compound numbers from twenty-one to ninety-nine and with fractions used as adjectives
Example:
There are twenty-nine days in February.
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